A city planner wants to select all zones designated as type E, F, or FF. Which SQL statement should they use?

The correct SQL statement is the one that utilizes the IN operator to specify multiple values for the ZONE attribute efficiently. The IN operator allows the city planner to specify a list of acceptable values that the ZONE can take on, making the query straightforward and readable.

Using ZONE IN ('E', 'F', 'FF') means that any record with a ZONE of E, F, or FF will be selected. This approach is highly efficient as it clearly indicates that any records matching any of the listed values should be included in the results, without the need for repetitive conditions or complex logical operators.

The other choices present different logical constructs or conditions, which do not adequately represent the requirement to select multiple discrete values. For instance, other options might convolute the logic or constrain the selection in ways that do not fulfill the need to include each of the types E, F, and FF distinctly.