How can a user export a map image that contains data from both data frames in ArcGIS?

Exporting a map image that integrates data from multiple data frames in ArcGIS is effectively accomplished through Layout view. In Layout view, the user has the capability to arrange and visualize the various elements of the map, including multiple data frames, titles, legends, and other map annotations. This view is specifically designed to set up the final appearance of the map before exporting it to an image format.

When using Layout view, the user can select and export the entire composition of the map as it is designed for presentation, capturing all data frames, their contents, and any additional components. This is essential for ensuring that the output map maintains the intended layout and conveys the information in a coherent way.

The other methods mentioned do not serve this purpose as effectively. For instance, data frames can only be viewed in Data view, which focuses on the spatial data and lacks the design-oriented layout features necessary for creating a comprehensive map image. Exporting from ArcCatalog generally focuses on managing datasets rather than creating map visualizations. The Viewer window does not facilitate the full capabilities of layout design required for effective map output. Thus, Layout view is the appropriate option for exporting a map image that includes multiple data frames.