Which type of data provides descriptions and characteristics that cannot be measured numerically?

Qualitative data is characterized by descriptions and attributes that cannot be quantified through numbers. This type of data is often composed of non-numeric information, such as opinions, feelings, and experiences. It allows researchers to capture the essence of complex phenomena, such as social behaviors, cultural traits, and individual perspectives. For instance, qualitative data may emerge from interviews, focus groups, or open-ended survey responses, providing rich, detailed insights.

In contrast, quantitative data is comprised of numerical values that can be measured and analyzed statistically, making it useful for identifying patterns and trends through measurable means. Primary and secondary data refer to the sources of the information rather than the type of data. Primary data is collected firsthand, while secondary data is sourced from previous research or existing datasets, which can be either qualitative or quantitative. Hence, qualitative data stands out as the appropriate answer for describing non-numerical characteristics.